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目的调查广州市急诊科医护人员的共情能力的现状,分析其共情能力的影响因素。方法运用人际反应指针问卷(interpersonal reactivity indexed-C,IRI-C)对374名急诊科医护人员的共情能力进行问卷调查,运用SPSS19.0软件对数据进行分析,检验水准α=0.05,所有P值均为双侧概率,将单因素分析有统计学意义的变量纳入以共情水平得分为因变量的多元线性回归模型,自变量分析时设置哑变量。结果急诊科医护人员共情能力评分为(50.66±11.75)分,各条目均分为(2.30±0.53)分;不同学历、工作年限、婚姻状况、职称、培训经历、带教经历、身份的医护人员共情能力比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多元线性回归的结果显示,婚姻状况、工作年限、学历、培训经历、带教经历、身份、职称进入方程,模型拟合较好(R2=0.699,P<0.05),其中,身份与共情能力为正相关,其它均为负相关;负相关的因素中,培训经历、带教经历、职称的影响较大(均P<0.05),相对于已婚组,未婚组与共情能力为负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相对于工作≤1年的被调查者,工作年限为1~2年和3~4年的与共情能力为负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),工作年限为≥4年的与共情能力为正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相对于中专学历的被调查者,硕士学历的与共情能力具有显著正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急诊科医护人员共情能力受多因素影响,应通过多种方式有针对性地提高其共情能力。
Objective To investigate the current situation of empathy ability of emergency department staff in Guangzhou and to analyze the influencing factors of empathy ability. Methods The interpersonal reactivity indexed-C (IRI-C) questionnaire was used to investigate the empathy abilities of 374 emergency department staff. SPSS19.0 software was used to analyze the data. The test level α = 0.05, all P The values were all bilateral probability. The variables with statistical significance of univariate analysis were included in the multivariate linear regression model with empathy score as the dependent variable. Dummy variables were set in the independent variables analysis. Results The scores of empathy ability of emergency department staff were (50.66 ± 11.75) points and the items were all divided into (2.30 ± 0.53) points. The nursing education of different qualifications, working years, marital status, professional title, training experience, (P <0.05). The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the marriage status, working years, academic qualifications, training experience, teaching experience, identity and professional title entered the equation and the model fitting was better than that of the model (R2 = 0.699, P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between identity and empathic ability, while others were negatively related. Of the negative factors, the influence of training experience, teaching experience and professional title was significant ) Compared with the married group and the unmarried group were negatively related to the empathy ability (P <0.05). Compared with the respondents ≤1 year, the working years were 1-2 years and 3-4 years Year and empathic ability was negatively correlated, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), the working life of ≥ 4 years was positively correlated with the empathy ability, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); compared with secondary education Of respondents, master’s degree and empathy ability has a significant positive correlation, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The empathy ability of emergency department staff is influenced by many factors and should be improved in a variety of ways.