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在萘分子中,1-位和8-位称为迫位。在1-位和8-位上的取代基间的距离比其与邻位间的取代基更加接近。这种近邻效应使得迫位取代的萘具有特殊的性质。五十年代以来,合成了很多以萘为母体的化合物,它们的物理化学性能和实用价值引起了化学家们的很大兴趣。本文只讨论在萘环1,8-位上有取代基的化合物及迫位取代基的相互作用。由于迫位上取代基间空间和电子效应交织在一起,使这类化合物表现出许多反常的物理化学行为,因此,对迫位效应的了解将有助于我们对反应机制的正确理解和对反常现象的合理解释。这类化合物的结晶结构已有许多论述~([1-11]),它们的核磁共振和红外光谱也有许多文献报导~([12,18,38,39]),这里不作主要介绍。一、萘衍生物的迫位环化在许多已知反应中,由于迫位上取代基的相互作用,或取代基与添加剂作用,跨过迫位生成许多环状化合物,环的大小通常为四元环至八元环。1,8-二羟基萘在非氧化条件下脱水,生成四元环化合物(1)~([45]),萘环砜(2)的合成也有报导~([14])。
In naphthalene molecules, the 1-position and the 8-position are called forcing. The distance between the substituents in the 1-position and the 8-position is closer than it is to the substituent in the ortho position. This near-neighbor effect makes the naphthalene substituted for naphthalene a special property. Since the 1950s, many naphthalene-based compounds have been synthesized, and their physicochemical properties and practical value have attracted chemists’ great interest. This article discusses only the interactions at the 1,8-position of the naphthalene ring with the substituent groups and the substituent groups. Because intervening substituent spaces on the peri-site and electronic effects are interwoven, these compounds exhibit many anomalous physico-chemical behaviors and therefore knowledge of the peristaltic effect will help us to understand correctly the reaction mechanisms and the effects on the anomalies Reasonable explanation of the phenomenon. The crystal structures of these compounds have been discussed many times ([1-11]), and their NMR and IR spectra have been reported in many literatures ([12,18,38,39]), which are not mainly described here. OPEN CYCLIZATION OF NAPHTHENYL DERIVATIVES In many known reactions, many cyclic compounds are formed across the peri-site due to the interaction of substituents on the peri-site, or substituents and additives. The size of the ring is usually four Yuan ring to eight yuan ring. The dehydration of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene under non-oxidative conditions leads to the formation of the four-membered ring compounds (1) ~ ([45]) and the synthesis of naphthalenecyclohexylsulfone (2).