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目的分析广州市黄埔区2013年登革热流行病学特征,评价综合预防控制措施的效果,为今后登革热预防控制工作提供参考依据。方法收集黄埔区2013年登革热疫情资料和蚊媒监测资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行因素和特征,用发病率、二代发病率、流行持续时间、布雷图指数评价综合防控措施的效果。结果 2013年,黄埔区共发生登革热病例28例,年发病率6.11/10万;疫情涉及到7个街道17个社区居委,病例主要集中在鱼珠街和黄埔街,占总病例数的64.29%;发病高峰在9月下旬;男女性别间发病率差异无统计学意义,发病率以中壮年及60岁组老年人群较高,职业以工人和家务及待业为主;临床症状均为轻型,75.00%的病例表现典型登革热症状;采集病例血标本检测,11例登革热IgM抗体和IgG抗体阳性、12例IgM抗体阳性,5例登革热病毒核酸阳性,其中1例分离出登革热Ⅱ型病毒,其余分离出Ⅰ型病毒;疫情处理初期,各疫点布雷图指标大于5,外环境标准间指数大于1,经采取综合防控措施后,75.00%的疫点一周内两个指数均控制在安全范围,疫情得到有效控制。结论 2013年黄埔区登革热呈多点散发的低强度流行态势,流行病学特征及临床特征与广东省、广州市的一致,流行病毒型别为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型登革热病毒并存;经政府重视,多部门合作,动员社会参与,采取综合防控措施后,疫情得到有效控制,防控效果较显著。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in 2013 in Huangpu district of Guangzhou and evaluate the effect of comprehensive prevention and control measures to provide reference for future prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods The epidemiological data and mosquito media monitoring data of dengue in 2013 in Huangpu district were collected. The epidemiological factors and characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. The incidence, incidence of second generation, duration of epidemic, duration of Breathing index and comprehensive evaluation of prevention and control measures Effect. Results In 2013, 28 cases of Dengue Fever were reported in Huangpu District, with an annual incidence rate of 6.11 / 100,000. The outbreaks involved 17 community residents committees in 7 sub-districts. The cases mainly concentrated in Yuzhu Street and Huangpu Street, accounting for 64.29% of the total cases %; The peak incidence in late September; the incidence of male and female gender differences was not statistically significant, the incidence of middle-aged and 60-year-old elderly population was higher, occupation workers and housework and unemployed; clinical symptoms are light, 75.00% of the cases showed typical dengue symptoms; 11 cases of dengue IgM and IgG antibodies were positive, 12 cases of IgM positive and 5 cases of dengue virus positive, of which 1 case was dengue type Ⅱ virus and the rest were isolated In the initial stage of epidemic situation, the Bretti’s index of each epidemic spot was more than 5 and the index of external environmental standard was more than 1. After taking the comprehensive prevention and control measures, 75.00% of the epidemic spots were controlled within the safety range in one week, The outbreak has been effectively controlled. Conclusions In 2013, the low-intensity epidemic situation of epidemic dengue occurred in Huangpu District. The epidemiological characteristics and clinical characteristics of dengue fever were consistent with that of Guangdong and Guangzhou. The type of epidemic virus was dengue type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ coexisting. With the government’s attention, Multi-sectoral cooperation to mobilize social participation, take comprehensive prevention and control measures, the outbreak has been effectively controlled, prevention and control effect is more significant.