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目的掌握麻疹-风疹-腮腺炎联合疫苗(MMR)纳入儿童免疫规划前后,淮安市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定针对性防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对淮安市2004—2007年(纳入免疫规划前)、2008—2011年(纳入免疫规划后)流行性腮腺炎疫情资料进行对比分析。结果 2004—2007年、2008—2011年淮安市流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率分别为18.4/10万、4.78/10万;“三间”分布流行病学特征未改变,表现为春末夏初、冬季2个发病高峰,发病前2位县(区)位次未改变,5～14岁年龄组报告病例数最多。结论 MMR纳入儿童免疫规划对淮安市控制流行性腮腺炎流行成效显著。应继续落实好MMR免疫接种策略,提高免疫接种率,减少发病数;加大腮腺炎疫情监测力度,及时发现疫情并采取应急接种措施,控制疫情暴发。
Objective To master the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Huaian City before and after the inclusion of measles-rubella-mumps combined vaccine (MMR) in children’s immunization program, so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted prevention and treatment measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to compare the epidemic data of mumps from 2004-2007 in Huaian City (before inclusion in immunization program) and 2008-2011 (after inclusion in immunization program). Results The average reported incidences of mumps in Huaian from 2004 to 2007 and 2008-2011 were 18.4 / 100000 and 4.78 / 100000 respectively. The epidemiological characteristics of the “three” distributions were unchanged At the end of summer and early winter, the two peak incidence peak, before the onset of 2 counties (districts) did not change the position, 5 to 14 age group reported the largest number of cases. Conclusions The incorporation of MMR into childhood immunization programs has achieved remarkable results in controlling the epidemic of mumps in Huaian City. MMR vaccination strategies should be continuously implemented to increase the immunization coverage rate and reduce the incidence of diseases. Mumps epidemics monitoring efforts should be stepped up, epidemic situations should be promptly detected and emergency vaccination measures should be taken to control outbreaks.