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通过对壳聚糖进行化学改性制备了壳聚糖衍生物,并将壳聚糖衍生物作为抗菌整理剂对聚丙烯腈进行了改性,以期获得具有抗菌效果的纤维织物.利用壳聚糖与缩水甘油三甲基氯化铵化学合成了季铵盐壳聚糖(HTCC),由壳聚糖与一氯乙酸反应制备了羧甲基壳聚糖(CMC),二者均具有良好的水溶性.利用离子滴定法及原子吸收光谱法分别考察了HTCC与CMC的取代度(DS).结果表明,在一定原料比例条件下HTCC的取代度、产率随反应时间延长而增加,由分子量高的原料壳聚糖制备的HTCC的产率大于原料壳聚糖分子量低的,而以水作溶剂制备的HTCC产率小,溶解性差.CMC的取代度与反应时间、原料比例、溶胀碱化时间、加碱步骤等条件有关,而且采用低碱法进一步改进了CMC的制备方法,使制备反应更加环保、高效,有潜在的应用前景.利用FTIR、NMR、TGA对HTCC及CMC的结构进行了表征,结果证实了季铵基团、羧甲基团分别被成功引入到壳聚糖结构中.制备的壳聚糖衍生物在水和NaSCN溶剂中具有很好的溶解性.将制得的壳聚糖衍生物HTCC和CMC与聚丙烯腈溶解于NaSCN溶剂中,制备了PAN-HTCC、PAN-CMC的复合膜,并通过FTIR、DSC、TGA、XRD、WAXD对其拉伸性能、相溶性及膜的结构进行了表征,结果表明PAN与HTCC、CMC可以在NaSCN溶剂中混溶,其相溶性、拉伸性较好.
Chitosan derivatives were prepared by chemical modification of chitosan, and chitosan derivatives were used as antibacterial finishing agents to modify polyacrylonitrile to obtain antibacterial effect of fiber fabrics.Using chitosan The quaternary ammonium salt chitosan (HTCC) was chemically synthesized with glycidol trimethylammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) was prepared by the reaction of chitosan and monochloroacetic acid. Both of them have good water solubility The degree of substitution (DS) of HTCC and CMC was investigated by ion-titration and atomic absorption spectroscopy.The results showed that the degree of substitution and the yield of HTCC increased with the reaction time under a certain ratio of raw materials, Of the raw material of chitosan HTCC yield greater than the raw material of chitosan molecular weight low, and water as a solvent prepared HTCC small yield, poor solubility .CMC degree of substitution and reaction time, the ratio of raw materials, swelling alkalinization time , Alkaline conditions and other conditions, and the use of low-alkali method to further improve the preparation of CMC, making the preparation of the reaction more environmentally friendly and efficient, has potential applications.The structure of HTCC and CMC were characterized using FTIR, NMR, TGA The results confirmed Ammonium groups and carboxymethyl groups were successfully introduced into the chitosan structure.The prepared chitosan derivatives have good solubility in water and NaSCN solvent.The prepared chitosan derivatives HTCC and The composite films of PAN-HTCC and PAN-CMC were prepared by dissolving CMC and polyacrylonitrile in NaSCN solvent. Their tensile properties, compatibility and film structure were characterized by FTIR, DSC, TGA, XRD and WAXD. The results show that PAN and HTCC, CMC can be miscible in NaSCN solvent, the compatibility, stretching better.