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目的探讨珠海地区儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成,为临床诊断治疗提供参考。方法采用《中国儿童慢性咳嗽诊断与治疗指南(2013年修订)》提供的原则和思路,对150例慢性咳嗽患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其病因特点。结果 150例慢性咳嗽的患儿中,咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)52例,上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)50例,呼吸道感染与感染后咳嗽(PIC)29例,胃食管反流性咳嗽(GERC)3例,气道异物或畸形2例,非哮喘性嗜酸性粒细胞性支气管炎(NAEB)1例,CVA+UACS 11例,PIC+UACS 2例。结论儿童慢性咳嗽病因较为复杂,珠海地区儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比前3位是咳嗽变异性哮喘、上气道咳嗽综合征、呼吸道感染与感染后咳嗽,不同年龄组患儿病因有所不同;结合病史资料、临床表现、实验室检查明确病因,针对病因治疗,提高诊治水平。
Objective To explore the cause of chronic cough in children in Zhuhai and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods According to the principles and ideas provided by the Guidebook for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Cough in Children (Revised in 2013), the clinical data of 150 children with chronic cough were retrospectively analyzed and their etiological characteristics were summarized. Results Among 150 children with chronic cough, 52 were cough variant asthma (CVA), 50 were upper respiratory tract cough syndrome (UACS), 29 were respiratory tract infection and post-infection cough (PIC), 29 were gastroesophageal reflux cough (GERC) in 3 cases, airway foreign body or malformation in 2 cases, non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB) in 1 case, CVA + UACS in 11 cases and PIC + UACS in 2 cases. Conclusions The cause of chronic cough in children is rather complicated. The causes of chronic cough in children in Zhuhai are cough variant asthma, upper airway cough syndrome, respiratory tract infection and post-infection cough. The causes of children with different ages are different. History data, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests clear cause, for the cause of treatment, improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.