“为什么美国没有社会主义”是一个历经百年未有定论的著名论题。马克思、恩格斯曾注意到这一特殊现象。众多西方学者曾不断提出各种解释或假说,其中不乏颇具影响者。改革开放以来,国内学者也逐渐参与讨论。本文梳理了国内外学术界探讨这一论题的主要历程,反思传统研究中可能存在的盲点。笔者认为,有必要从全球史和世界体系的高度重新探讨这一问题。 “Why the United States does not have socialism ” is a well-known topic after a hundred years of inconclusive. Marx and Engels once noticed this special phenomenon. Many Western scholars have repeatedly put forward various explanations or hypotheses, many of whom are quite influential. Since the reform and opening up, domestic scholars have gradually participated in the discussion. This article combs the main course of discussing this topic both at home and abroad, and reflects on the possible blind spots in traditional research. In my opinion, it is necessary to revisit this issue from the perspective of global history and the world system.