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近年来,茄二十八星瓢虫Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata在江汉平原地区危害严重,本研究旨在探明温度对该地区茄二十八星瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响,组建茄二十八星瓢虫的实验种群生命表,为该虫防治提供一定的理论依据。本研究采用室内恒温饲养方法,分别设置19℃、22℃、25℃、28℃、31℃和34℃等6个温度,测定各温度下用马铃薯饲养不同虫态的生长发育历期。结果表明,茄二十八星瓢虫在不同恒温条件下各虫态的发育历期随着温度的升高而逐渐缩短,19℃恒温下发育历期最长为32.19 d,31℃恒温下仅为13.15 d。幼虫期和蛹期的发育起点温度分别为10.93和12.13℃,日有效积温为186.04和57.06 d·℃。在19-31℃5个温区下幼虫和蛹的存活率都很高,并依据该温区内的发育起点温度和有效积温建立了发育历期预测式与Logistic模型。在25℃时单雌平均产卵量达到最大值1074.50粒,世代存活率和种群趋势指数最高,分别为93.33%和501.47,高温和低温均不利于其种群数量增加。
In recent years, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata was seriously endangered in the Jianghan Plain. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature on the growth and reproduction of Solanum xylostella in this region. Insect experimental population life table for the pest control provide a theoretical basis. In this study, 6 indoor temperatures of 19 ℃, 22 ℃, 25 ℃, 28 ℃, 31 ℃ and 34 ℃ were set up to measure the growth and development of potato in different stages. The results showed that the developmental durations of each stage varied with the increasing temperature, and the longest developmental period at 19 ℃ was 32.19 days. Under the constant temperature of 31 ℃, only For 13.15 days. The larval and pupal developmental threshold temperatures were 10.93 and 12.13 ℃ respectively, and the daily effective accumulated temperatures were 186.04 and 57.06 d · ℃. The survival rates of larvae and pupae were high in the temperature range of 19-31 ℃, and the predictive and logistic models of developmental duration were established according to the developmental starting point temperature and effective accumulated temperature in this zone. The average fecundity per female reached 1074.50 at 25 ℃. The survival rate and the trend index of the population were the highest at 93.33% and 501.47, respectively. Both high temperature and low temperature were unfavorable for the population increase.