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本研究观察了冬小麦不同粒型4个品种茎秆、旗叶结构以及籽粒的形成过程。结果发现:穗下节的机械组织、输导组织和同化组织随粒型不同而有显著差异,其中以大粒型兰考86-79维管组织最发达,而中大粒型豫麦25茎壁及其内同化组织最大;旗叶则随粒型增大其叶肉厚度增加,维管束数目增多及主脉结构发达。不同粒型品种灌浆强度的差异在籽粒进入灌浆盛期最为明显;而维管束数目、截面积与灌浆强度、粒长、粒重呈显著正相关。因此可将维管束数目、大小等参数作为小麦超高产栽培和品种选育的重要指标。
In this study, we observed the formation of stem, flag leaf and grain of four cultivars of different grain types in winter wheat. The results showed that there were significant differences in the mechanical, guiding and assimilating tissues with the different grain types in the inferior ear section. Among them, the large-sized Lankao 86-79 vascular tissue was the most developed, while the medium-large grain Yumai25 stem wall and its Within the largest assimilation organization; flag leaf with grain size increases its mesophyll thickness increases, the number of vascular bundles and the main vein structure developed. The difference of grouting intensity among different grain varieties was the most obvious during the grain filling period. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of vascular bundles, cross-sectional area and grain-filling intensity, grain length and grain weight. Therefore, the number of vascular bundles, size and other parameters can be used as an important index of wheat super-high-yielding cultivation and variety breeding.