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目的了解贵阳市城区青少年心理健康状况与血压水平的相关性,为青少年心理健康教育、心理干预与高血压的早期预防提供依据。方法应用中国中学生心理健康量表(MSSMHS)对贵阳市城区8所中学13～18岁中学生2 990名进行问卷调查;按照《中国学生体质健康调研检测细则》标准测量血压、身高、体重。结果中学生心理健康量表总均分为(1.90±0.58),心理健康问题总检出率为37.1%,心理健康因子均分前3位为情绪不稳定(2.15±0.76)、学习压力(2.07±0.79)、强迫(1.97±0.62)。男生SBP为(109±11.12)mm Hg,DBP为(71±8.18)mm Hg;女生SBP为(105±10.62)mm Hg,DBP为(70±7.80)mm Hg。男生和女生SBP,DBP差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。15～17岁女生敌对、抑郁、学习压力、适应不良等因子与SBP呈显著正相关(P值均<0.05),17岁女生适应不良与DBP呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,体重、身高、年龄、学习压力4个变量是SBP的主要影响因素(P值均<0.05),体重、年龄、焦虑、身高4个变量是DBP的主要影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论体重、身高、年龄、学习压力是SBP升高的独立危险因素;体重、年龄、身高是DBP升高的独立危险因素。中学生学习压力源对收缩压的影响最为显著。
Objective To understand the correlation between mental health status and blood pressure level among urban adolescents in Guiyang and to provide evidence for adolescent psychological health education, psychological intervention and early prevention of hypertension. Methods A total of 2 990 middle school students aged 13-18 years from 8 middle schools in Guiyang City were surveyed by Mental Health Scale (MSSMHS) in China. Blood pressure, height and weight were measured according to the Chinese Students’ Physical Health Survey. Results The total score of mental health of middle school students was (1.90 ± 0.58), the total rate of mental health problems was 37.1%, that of mental health factors (2.15 ± 0.76) and learning stress (2.07 ± 0.79), forced (1.97 ± 0.62). SBP was (109 ± 11.12) mm Hg for boys and (71 ± 8.18) mm Hg for DBP. The SBP was (105 ± 10.62) mm Hg for girls and (70 ± 7.80) mm Hg for DBP. The differences of SBP and DBP between boys and girls were statistically significant (P <0.05). There were significant positive correlations between hostility, depression, learning stress, maladjustment and SBP in girls aged 15-17 (P <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between DBP and maladjustment in girls aged 17 years (P <0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that body mass, height, age and learning pressure were the main influencing factors of SBP (P <0.05). The four variables of body weight, age, anxiety and height were the main influencing factors of DBP All <0.05). Conclusion Body weight, height, age and learning pressure are independent risk factors for SBP increase. Body weight, age and height are independent risk factors of elevated DBP. The impact of secondary school learning stressors on systolic blood pressure is the most significant.