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螺杆泵的研制与试验已有三十多年的历程。自七十年代初苏联首次研制出多头螺杆泵以来,螺杆泵已由最初只作为定向钻井工具发展到用于修井、采油、液体输送以及空气压缩等石油工程机械方面。螺杆泵采油,就其驱动方式来讲,目前有电动、液动及机动式三种。它与常规型抽油机相比具有如下优点:①结构简单螺杆泵采油多为液力或电力驱动(浅井情况下也可为机械驱动),因此省去了复杂的抽油机系统;②适应性强螺杆泵可用于深井、斜井,同时对高油气比、高含砂(60%以上)、高粘重油及结蜡油井也都适用;③性能好螺杆泵排量大,泵效高(85%以上),压力、排量稳定,噪音低……;④调速方便螺杆泵可通过调节电流或液流来实现无级调速。因此,螺杆泵乃是一种较理想、颇有前途的采油设备,值得深入研究与开发。
Screw pump development and testing of more than 30 years of history. Since the Soviet Union first developed the multi-head screw pump in the early 1970s, the screw pump has been originally used only as a directional drilling tool to develop oil-engineering machinery for workover, oil recovery, liquid delivery and air compression. Screw pump oil production, in terms of its driving mode, there are three kinds of electric, hydraulic and mobile. Compared with the conventional pumping unit, it has the following advantages: (1) The screw pump with simple structure is mostly driven by hydraulic or electric power (mechanical drive can also be used in shallow wells), thus eliminating the complicated pumping system; (2) Strong screw pump can be used for deep wells, inclined wells, while high oil and gas ratio, high sand (more than 60%), high viscous oil and wax wells also apply; ③ good performance screw pump displacement, high pump efficiency %), Pressure, displacement stability, low noise ...; ④ speed control screw pump can be adjusted by current or flow to achieve stepless speed regulation. Therefore, the screw pump is a more ideal and promising oil recovery equipment, which deserves further research and development.