抗凝疗法是一种阻止血液凝固和防止血栓形成的方法,主要药物是肝素和香豆素类,现简述如下: 一、肝素(Heparin) (一)抗凝机理:新近研究指出,肝素分子中6位碳原子上的硫酸基团可能是抗凝血酶Ⅲ(ATⅢ)中赖氨酸与其结合的位点。肝素与赖氨酸或脯氨酸~(41)、精氨酸~(47)、色氨酸~(49)等以离子键形式结合,形成1:1的复合物。在此过程中,引起ATⅢ分子构象发生改变,暴露了精氨酸~(393),后者再与以丝氨酸为活性中心的蛋白酶(凝血酶 Anticoagulant therapy is a method to prevent blood coagulation and prevent thrombosis, the main drug is heparin and coumarins, are summarized as follows: A Heparin (A) anticoagulation mechanism: Recent studies have shown that heparin molecules The sulfate group on the 6 carbon atom may be the site to which lysine binds in antithrombin III (AT III). Heparin and lysine or proline ~ (41), arginine ~ (47), tryptophan ~ (49) and other ion bond form, forming a 1: 1 complex. During this process, the conformation of ATⅢ molecule is changed and the arginine ~ (393) is exposed, which in turn is bound to the serine protease (thrombin