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随着环保法规的日益严格和人们环保意识的提高,柴油车尾气污染物中的炭烟颗粒对环境的严重污染引起了人们广泛的关注。作为炭烟颗粒排出柴油机的最后一道处理技术,催化净化技术是目前控制柴油车尾气炭烟颗粒排放使用最有效和应用最广泛的技术手段。因而,开发高效的催化剂是催化净化技术最关键和最重要的因素。总结了近年来Ce基、La基稀土催化剂材料,包括:纳米颗粒、不同晶面、纤维状、三维有序大孔结构等不同形貌的Ce基催化剂以及La基钙(类钙)钛矿催化剂对炭烟颗粒催化燃烧的最新研究进展;并对比报道了Ce基和La基催化剂对炭烟燃烧的反应机制。最后,总结性地提出了目前有关稀土基催化剂在炭烟催化燃烧中存在的问题和未来的发展趋势。
With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations and people’s awareness of environmental protection, diesel particulate matter in the exhaust pollutants of the serious pollution of the environment caused widespread concern. As the last disposal technology of soot particles discharged from diesel engine, catalytic purification technology is the most effective and most widely used technical means to control particle emission of diesel exhaust gas. Therefore, the development of efficient catalysts is the most critical and most important factor in catalytic purification technology. In recent years, Ce-based and La-based rare earth catalyst materials have been summarized, including Ce-based catalysts with different morphology such as nano-particles, different crystal planes, fibrous and three-dimensionally ordered macroporous structures and La-based calcium The latest research progress on the catalytic combustion of soot particles was also reported. The reaction mechanism of Ce-based and La-based catalysts on the soot combustion was reported. Finally, the current problems and future trends in the catalytic combustion of soot are summarized.