战后，德国（前西德）为重整经济，一方面将钢铁及煤炭等重工业列为优先的发展重点，给予直接补助或税收减免等优惠奖励，另一方面采取新政策重建战前那种企业间相互结合的“大企业集团”，从而忽视了对中小企业的援助。此外，两次能源危机的冲击，导致德国中小企业困难重重而? After the war, Germany (former West Germany) reorganized the economy. On the one hand, priority industries such as steel and coal were listed as priorities for development, and preferential incentives such as direct subsidies or tax deductions were granted. On the other hand, new policies were adopted to reconstruct the kind before the war. The “big corporate groups” that are integrated with each other in enterprises have neglected assistance to small and medium enterprises. In addition, the impact of two energy crises has caused difficulties for German SMEs.