目的　输尿管镜直视下气压弹道碎石术治疗泌尿系结石的临床疗效。　方法　 1997年 5月～2 0 0 1年 4月期间对 2 76例输尿管结石 ,2 5例尿道结石采用输尿管镜直视下气压弹道碎石治疗。　结果　输尿管结石碎石成功率 97.1% (2 6 8/ 2 76 ) ,并发症发生率 1.4 5 % (4/ 2 76 ) ,主要为输尿管穿孔。尿道结石成功率 10 0 %。　结论　输尿管镜直视下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石、尿道结石临床疗效确切 ,尤其适用于泌尿系结石的急诊处理 Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of urinary calculi under ureteroscopy. Methods From May 1997 to April 2001, 276 cases of ureteral calculi and 25 cases of urethral calculus were treated with pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscopy. Results The success rate of ureteral lithotripsy was 97.1% (26/766) and the complication rate was 1.4% (4/766), mainly ureter perforation. Urethral stones success rate 10 0%. Conclusion ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of ureteral calculi, urinary tract stones clinical curative effect is exact, especially for the emergency treatment of urinary calculi