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目的:了解东莞市无偿献血者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的特征及途径,为低危献血者招募服务。方法:对2012-2013年东莞市无偿献血者标本HIV传染性标志物进行检测,对有反应性标本送疾病预防控制中心进行确证,统计HIV确证阳性数;对确证HIV感染者进行告知和首次随访,分析HIV感染者流行病学特征,包括性别、年龄、学历、职业、感染途径。结果:2012-2013年HIV的感染率分别为0.049%和0.056%;感染者绝大部分为男性,占94.0%,女性感染者占6.0%,男女性别比为15.6∶1.0;感染者中年龄以21~30岁阶段为主,占45.8%,31~40岁,占33.7%,18~20岁和41~50岁分别占6.0%和14.5%,51~60岁阶段无感染者;感染者中初中及初中以下学历者比例最高,占43.3%,高中及中专学历者占41.0%,大专及大专以上学历者占15.6%;感染者职业主要为普通务工者,占68.7%,商业、服务行业者占16.9%,学生占1.2%,医务工作者占3.6%,其他职业占9.6%;感染途径全部为性传播,其中以异性性传播为主,占55.4%,男男同性性传播占31.3%,同时有异性性行为和男男同性性行为者占13.3%,未出现女女同性性传播案例。结论:东莞市无偿献血人群HIV感染者呈多年龄段、多职业人群分布状态,感染途径为性传播,特别是男男同性性传播形势严峻,应针对性的加强献血前问询和对高危献血人群的排查,以减少经输血传播HIV的风险。
Objective: To understand the characteristics and pathways of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in unpaid blood donors in Dongguan and to provide services for low-risk blood donors. Methods: HIV infectious markers were collected from blood samples of unpaid donors in Dongguan City in 2012-2013. Positive samples were sent to CDC for confirmation. The number of positive HIV positives was confirmed. The number of confirmed HIV-infected persons was reported and the first follow-up , Analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV infected persons, including gender, age, education, occupation, ways of infection. Results: The prevalence rates of HIV in 2012-2013 were 0.049% and 0.056% respectively. The majority of HIV-infected persons were male, accounting for 94.0%, female infertility accounted for 6.0%, and the male-to-female sex ratio was 15.6:1.0. 21 to 30 years of age, accounting for 45.8%, 31 to 40 years old, accounting for 33.7%, 18 to 20 years and 41 to 50 years accounted for 6.0% and 14.5%, 51 to 60 years of age no infection; infected Junior high school and below junior high school education accounted for the highest proportion, accounting for 43.3%, high school and secondary school education accounted for 41.0%, tertiary and college education accounted for 15.6%; infected mainly for ordinary workers, accounting for 68.7% of the commercial and service industries Accounting for 16.9%, 1.2% for students, 3.6% for medical workers and 9.6% for other occupations. The routes of transmission were all sexually transmitted, with heterosexual transmission accounting for 55.4% and gay and lesbian transmission accounting for 31.3% At the same time, 13.3% of them were heterosexual and homosexual, and no case of female same-sex transmission occurred. Conclusion: HIV-positive people in voluntary blood donation groups in Dongguan City are of multi-age and multi-occupational groups. The route of transmission is sexually transmitted, especially for the transmission of male and female homosexuality. The pre-donation inquiry and the high-risk blood donation Surveys of people to reduce the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusions.