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采用铜模吸铸及随后的退火处理制备了厚度为0.8 mm,成分为Nd9Fe83-xTi4C4Bx(x=10~15)的Nd2Fe14B/Fe3B型纳米复相磁体,对其组织演变和磁性能进行了研究。结果表明:在铸态合金中,x=10的合金微观组织主要由Nd2Fe14B,Fe3B,α-Fe和TiC相构成。而x=11~15的合金中除含上述各相外,还出现了Nd2Fe23B3相、未知相和非晶相,且随着B含量的增加,它们在合金中的相对含量有不同程度的增加;退火过程中,随着合金中亚稳相和非晶相的转化,Nd2Fe14B,Fe3B和α-Fe相对含量增加,但不同B含量合金的相结构变化差异明显,导致退火后磁体具有不同的磁性能。其中,x=12的合金在680℃退火5 min后获得了最佳磁性能:Br=0.63 T,iHc=98.12 kA·m-1,(BH)max=22.79 kJ·m-3。
The Nd2Fe14B / Fe3B nanocomposite magnets with a thickness of 0.8 mm and composition of Nd9Fe83-xTi4C4Bx (x = 10-15) were prepared by copper mold suction casting and subsequent annealing and their microstructures and magnetic properties were studied. The results show that in the as-cast alloy, the microstructure of x = 10 alloy mainly consists of Nd2Fe14B, Fe3B, α-Fe and TiC phases. In the alloys with x = 11-15, Nd2Fe23B3 phase, unknown phase and amorphous phase also appeared in addition to the above phases, and the relative content of Nd2Fe23B3 phase in the alloys increased with the increase of B content. During the annealing process, the relative contents of Nd2Fe14B, Fe3B and α-Fe increase with the transformation of the metastable and amorphous phases in the alloy, but the phase structures of the alloys with different contents of B are obviously different, resulting in different magnetic properties of the annealed magnets . The optimum magnetic properties of the alloy with x = 12 after annealing at 680 ℃ for 5 min are: Br = 0.63 T, iHc = 98.12 kA · m-1 and (BH) max = 22.79 kJ · m-3.