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轨道累积下沉是轨道不平顺发生、发展的根源,是各种线路病害的动力源,由此形成以轨道下沉研究为主体的轨道下沉破坏理论。轨道下沉破坏研究是轨道管理基础研究工作中的重要内容。国内外对有关轨道累积下沉特性及下沉影响因素等问题给予高度重视,曾进行广泛研究。本文综述国内外关于轨道下沉破坏的研究历史与现状,主要包括轨道下沉试验研究、轨道下沉破坏仿真计算研究和轨道下沉与轨面高低不平顺发展关系研究。通过总结和分析,明确国内外研究状况和发展动向,对比国内轨道管理基础研究状况,指出我国为适应现代轨道养护维修管理需要在轨道下沉破坏方面进一步重点研究的问题。
Accumulation of orbital sedimentation is the root cause of the occurrence and development of orbital irregularities and is the power source of various line diseases. Thus, the theory of orbital subsidence caused by the research of orbital sinking is formed. The study of track subsidence damage is an important part in the basic research of orbit management. At home and abroad, we attach great importance to issues such as cumulative subsidence characteristics and factors affecting subsidence, and have conducted extensive studies. This paper summarizes the research history and current status of orbital subsidence damage at home and abroad, including the research of orbit sag test, the simulation and calculation of orbital subsidence and the research of the relationship between orbital subsidence and the uneven orbit height. Through the summarization and analysis, the research status and development trend at home and abroad are clarified, and the basic research status of domestic orbit management is contrasted. It is pointed out that China should further study the problem of orbit subsidence in order to meet the needs of modern orbit maintenance and repair.