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玫瑰为蔷薇科蔷薇属落叶直立灌木,学名为Rosa rugosa Thunb,别名中国玫瑰、徘徊花、笔头花、刺玫花、赤蔷薇花。玫瑰高达2m,萌蘖力强,生长迅速。茎枝灰褐色,密生刚毛和倒刺。小叶椭圆形至椭圆状倒卵形,缘有钝齿,质厚。表面亮绿色,多皱,无毛,背面有柔毛及刺毛。托叶大部附着于叶柄上。花单生或数朵簇生,常为紫色,芳香,盛花期为4~5月,至6月上中旬谢败。根系一般分布在土层15~50cm之间,但垂直根有深达4m者。果扁球形,砖红色,具宿存萼片,9~10月成熟。
Rose is a roseaceae Rose deciduous shrubs, scientific name Rosa rugosa Thunb, alias Chinese roses, wandering flowers, written flowers, prickly flowers, red rose flowers. Rose up to 2m, sprout strong, rapid growth. Stems grayish brown, dense bristles and barbs. Leaflets elliptic to elliptic obovate, margin blunt teeth, thick. Surface bright green, wrinkled, glabrous, abaxially pilose and brittle. Stipules attached to the petiole. Flowers solitary or clusters of flowers, often purple, fragrant, full flowering from April to May, to defeat in mid-June. Roots are generally distributed in the soil between 15 ~ 50cm, but the vertical root has a depth of 4m. Fruit flat spherical, brick red, with persistent sepals, 9 to 10 months of maturity.