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目的探讨社区老年人身心状况和社会支持与居家不出的关系。方法采用整群抽样的方法,从唐山市和保定市全市各抽取1个社区,对社区内所有年龄≥60岁的常住居民1 359例,采用统一的调查量表:一般情况问卷、老年抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表、生存质量简表(WHOQOL-100)和日常生活活动能力量表等进行调查。结果社区老年人的身体、心理、社会支持、功能独立性是该人群居家不出的重要影响因素(P<0.05);居家不出老年人的生活质量低于非居家不出老年人。结论身心状况较差、获得社会支持较低的老年人更倾向于出现居家不出。因此,社区工作者应从以上方面着手,加强其健康教育,提高老年人的生活质量。
Objective To explore the relationship between the physical and mental condition and social support of elders in the community and their inability to stay home. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 1 community from Tangshan City and Baoding City, and 1 359 permanent residents aged 60 or above in the community were surveyed by questionnaire. The general questionnaire, the elderly depression Table, social support rating scale, quality of life form (WHOQOL-100) and activities of daily living scale were investigated. Results The physical, psychological, social support and functional independence of the elderly in the community were the most important influential factors in the community (P <0.05). The quality of life of the elders with no elders was lower than that of the elders without the elders. Conclusion The elderly with lower social support are more likely to appear at home than those with poor physical and mental health. Therefore, community workers should start from the above aspects, to strengthen their health education and improve the quality of life of the elderly.