北京市朝阳区幸福村中心小学马芯兰老师,1977年秋,从一年级起进行小学数学教学改革,用了三年时间使学生的数学学习质量达到相当于当时五年制小学毕业的水平。1980年秋,又开始第二轮实验,到1984年夏季,使学生在四年级时的数学学习质量达到相当于六年制小学毕业水平。在教学中,所有的讲课、预习、复习、练习都在课内进行,基本上不给学生留课外作业。学生掌握的基础知识比较巩固,基本技能熟练,思维敏捷灵活,学习数学的积极性、主动性比较高。1980年,有关部门用小学升初中的数学试题测查第一轮试验班(当时为三年级)的学习质量,结果全班平均成绩达93分。1984年,学区用朝阳区小学升初中的数学试题测查了第二轮试验班(当时为四年级),结果全班平均成绩达94分。两轮实验都取得了明显的效果。 1984年8月,北京市教育局发出了《关于向马芯 In the autumn of 1977, Ma Xinlan, a primary school of Xingfu Village Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing, started the primary mathematics teaching reform from the first grade. It took three years for the students to achieve the equivalent of the five-year elementary school graduation qualifications. In the autumn of 1980, the second round of experiments was started again. By the summer of 1984, the quality of mathematics learning in the fourth grade of students reached the equivalent of six-year primary school graduation. In teaching, all lectures, preview, review, practice are conducted in the class, basically do not give students leave homework. Students grasp the more basic knowledge, basic skills proficiency, agile and flexible thinking, learning mathematics initiative, the initiative is relatively high. In 1980, the relevant departments examined the quality of learning in the first round of experimental class (then third grade) by using the math test in primary school and junior high school. As a result, the average grade of the whole class reached 93 points. In 1984, the district tested the second round of experimental class (at the time it was the fourth grade) with the math test of junior middle school in Chaoyang District, resulting in an average grade of 94 in the class. Two rounds of experiments have achieved remarkable results. In 1984 August, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Education issued a "on the horse core