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航空技术是当今森林火灾扑救中最为高效的现代化技术,是实现林火“打早,打小,打了”最有力的工具。我国已在多个地区建立了航空护林中心,并逐年加大航空技术在林火扑救中的应用力度;但还无法完全满足我国林火扑救的实际需要,仍具有较大的发展空间。美国航空扑救发展历史久远,现有的林火扑救体系以航空扑救为主,处于国际领先水平。文中从航空器选型、航空扑救技术、航空安全保障体系等方面对美国航空扑救的最新技术及动态进行归纳总结,并结合我国实际情况提出了相关建议,以期探究现代航空扑救技术的走向,为相关研究与政策制定提供参考。
Aviation technology is the most efficient modern technology in fighting forest fires and the most powerful tool for forest fire fighting. China has set up an aviation forest protection center in various regions and strengthened the application of aviation technology in forest fire suppression year by year. However, it still can not fully meet the actual needs of forest fire suppression in our country and still has more room for development. American aviation has a long history of fighting for its rescue and development. The existing forest fire suppression system mainly focuses on aviation rescue and is at the leading level in the world. The article summarizes the latest technologies and dynamics of American aviation rescue from aspects of aircraft selection, aviation rescue technology and aviation safety guarantee system, and puts forward some suggestions based on the actual situation in China so as to explore the trend of modern aviation rescue technology. Provide reference for research and policy making.