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为了研究野生小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)繁殖后代的形态性状对体质量的影响作用,以随机采集的729尾4.5月龄小黄鱼为研究对象,对每尾个体的体质量(g)和8个形态性状(cm):全长(X1)、体长(X2)、头长(X3)、躯干长(X4)、尾部长(X5)、尾柄长(X6)、尾柄高(X7)和体高(X8)进行准确测定,运用相关分析、多元回归分析和通径分析方法,分别计算性状间的相关系数、构建形态性状与体质量的多元回归方程,获得了通径系数和决定系数,进行了养殖小黄鱼的形态性状对体质量的影响研究。结果显示,8个形态性状与体质量的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);通径分析中,4个形态性状对体质量的通径系数达到极显著水平(P<0.01),它们是影响体质量的重要指标,其中体长(通径系数:0.589)对体质量的直接影响最大。应用逐步多元回归分析建立了以体质量为因变量(Y),体长(X2)、躯干长(X4)、尾柄高(X7)和体高(X8)为自变量的回归方程:Y=–32.377+3.064X2–1.511X4+14.285X7+4.438X8。模型等式中形态性状与体质量的相关指数R2=0.927,说明所选性状是影响体质量的主要形态性状。以上分析结果为小黄鱼的选育测量指标的确定提供了理论依据。
In order to study the effects of morphology traits of offspring of Pseudosciaena polyactis on body weight, 729-month-old and 4.5-month-old small yellow croaker collected from a random sample were used to study the effects of body weight (g) and morphological traits cm): Total length (X1), body length (X2), head length (X3), trunk length (X4), tail length (X5), tail length (X6), caudal peduncle height ) Were used for correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis method respectively to calculate the correlation coefficient between traits, to construct the multiple regression equation of morphological traits and body mass, to obtain the path coefficient and the determination coefficient, Effects of morphological traits on body weight. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the eight morphological traits and the body mass reached the extremely significant level (P <0.01). In the path analysis, the path coefficient of four morphological traits to body weight reached the significant level (P <0.01) They are important indicators of body mass, of which body length (path coefficient: 0.589) has the most direct effect on body mass. The regression equation of body mass as dependent variable (Y), body length (X2), trunk length (X4), tail height (X7) and body height (X8) 32.377 + 3.064X2-1.511X4 + 14.285X7 + 4.438X8. The correlation coefficient R2 between the morphological traits and body mass in the model equation is R2 = 0.927, indicating that the selected traits are the major morphological traits that affect body mass. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the determination of the selection and measurement of small yellow croaker.