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越来越多的证据表明胶质细胞在中枢神经系统发育、神经元的存活、神经修复与再生、突触传递及免疫炎症等方面均具有重要的功能。近年来,胶质细胞在帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)中的作用受到越来越多的关注。大量的研究证实,中脑黑质(substantia nigra,SN)部位铁聚积参与了PD多巴胺(dopamine,DA)神经元的死亡。目前PD铁沉积的研究主要集中在DA神经元,但实际上脑内胶质细胞在中枢神经系统铁稳态调节中发挥着重要的作用。因此,本文综述了胶质细胞铁代谢及其参与DA神经元铁聚积及死亡的作用机制,为揭示PD患者SN部位铁聚积的机制以及发现潜在的治疗靶点提供理论依据。
There is increasing evidence that glia have important functions in CNS development, neuronal survival, nerve repair and regeneration, synaptic transmission and immune inflammation. In recent years, the role of glial cells in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has received more and more attention. Numerous studies have confirmed that iron accumulation in the substantia nigra (SN) site is involved in the death of dopamine (DA) neurons. At present, studies on PD iron deposition mainly focus on DA neurons, but in fact, glial cells play an important role in the regulation of iron homeostasis in the central nervous system. Therefore, the mechanism of iron metabolism in glial cells and its involvement in iron accumulation and death of DA neurons was reviewed in this article, providing a theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism of iron accumulation in SN of PD patients and finding potential therapeutic targets.