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意义的隐含性是人类语言的共性。任何文化中的交际在一定程度上都是隐含和间接的,只有小部分意义依赖于词语本身,而大部分意义是通过暗示、假设和听话人的补充传递的。对于隐含意义的理解,语境发挥着至关重要的作用。本文借助美国语言学家Gumperz的语境线索功能考察德语语境中说话人隐含意义的生成,重点研究语境线索对说话人隐含意义的三大制约作用:限定与解释、显性化与具体化、逆反与偏移。
The implied meaning is the commonness of human language. Communication in any culture is to some extent implicit and indirect, only a small part of the meaning depends on the word itself, and most of the meaning is conveyed through the addition of clues, assumptions and obedience. Context has a crucial role to play in understanding implicitness. In this paper, we use the contextual clue of American linguist Gumperz to investigate the formation of the speaker’s implicit meaning in the German context, focusing on the three constraints on the speaker’s implication: the definition and interpretation, the explicitness and Concrete, reverse and offset.