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目的研究烟饲五谷虫与常规饲养五谷虫的油脂成分组成及相对质量分数的差别,对比2种样品精油的体外抗氧化能力和体外抑菌活性。方法采用CO_2超临界萃取法分别提取五谷虫及烟饲五谷虫的油脂,粗油精制后,利用气质联用仪分析精油中脂肪酸组成和相对质量分数。采用DPPH法、ABTS法测定2种样品精油抗DPPH、ABTS自由基活性,牛津杯法测定2种精油对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌、犬小孢子菌的抑制能力。结果烟饲五谷虫与常规饲养五谷虫精油中化学成分组成基本一致,各成分相对质量分数稍有差别。2种精油体外均具有抗氧化活性,对比IC_(50)值发现,烟饲五谷虫精油对于DPPH及ABTS 2种自由基的清除能力均强于常规饲养五谷虫精油。2种样品精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌及犬小孢子菌均没有抑菌作用。结论废弃烟叶饲养对于五谷虫油脂成分影响较小,且烟饲五谷虫精油的体外抗氧化活性增强,证实烟饲五谷虫的合理性,也为烟草废弃物的处理问题提供一定的理论基础。
OBJECTIVE To study the difference of the lipid composition and the relative mass fraction between the five kinds of tobacco and the conventional five-grain insects, and to compare the in vitro antioxidant activity and in vitro antibacterial activity of the two kinds of essential oil. Methods CO_2 supercritical fluid extraction was used to extract the fats and oils of the five grain insects and the tobacco fodder. After the crude oil was purified, the fatty acid composition and the relative mass fraction in the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The DPPH method and ABTS method were used to determine the DPPH and ABTS free radical activity of essential oils and the inhibitory ability of two essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans and Microsporum canis were determined by the Oxford cup method. Results The results showed that the chemical composition of the tobacco-fed pest insects was basically the same as that of the conventional reared pest-worm oil, and the relative mass fractions of the components were slightly different. Both of the two essential oils had anti-oxidative activities in vitro. Compared with IC 50, it was found that the five kinds of free radicals scavenging DPPH and ABTS were better than the conventional feeding. The two kinds of essential oils have no bacteriostatic effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Microsporum canis. Conclusion Tobacco leaf waste has little effect on the lipid composition of the grain insects and the anti-oxidative activity of the refined oil in the grain is enhanced. The rationality of tobacco grain insects and pests is proved, and the theoretical basis for the treatment of tobacco was provided.