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目的了解最近常德市尘肺病的发展情况及流行特征,为确定今后防治措施提供依据。方法对2014年新确诊的尘肺病例进行统计,分析其流行特征。结果 2014年常德市新发尘肺病病例230例,大部分为煤工尘肺,约占67.83%;接尘工龄以小于10 a的为主,约占53.48%;有49.13%的病例在首次就诊时就达到Ⅱ或Ⅲ期尘肺;所有病例中诊断年龄以大于60岁年龄组人数最多,占43.04%;病例主要集中在煤炭行业;工种以凿岩、主掘进以及主采煤为主,此3个工种共占所有病例的89.13%;地域分布中以石门县发病人数最多,占60.43%。结论常德市在今后的尘肺病防治重点区域在石门县,重点行业仍然是煤炭行业,需要继续加强所有接尘工人的职业健康监护工作,特别重视脱离接尘人员的离岗后医学随防,继续积极宣传职业病防治知识,争取减少尘肺病带来的损失。
Objective To understand the recent development and epidemic characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Changde City, and to provide a basis for the future prevention and control measures. Methods The newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in 2014 were statistically analyzed and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Results In 2014, 230 cases of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis were found in Changde City, most of them were coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, accounting for 67.83%; those who took dust less than 10 years mainly accounted for 53.48%; 49.13% Reached the stage II or III pneumoconiosis; in all cases, the diagnosis age was over the age of 60, accounting for 43.04%; the cases mainly concentrated in the coal industry; the types of work were mainly rock drilling, main tunneling and main coal mining. The three Occupation accounted for 89.13% of all cases; the largest number of cases in Shimen County was geographical distribution, accounting for 60.43%. Conclusion Changde City in the future focus on prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Shimen County, the key industries are still the coal industry, the need to continue to strengthen occupational health monitoring of all dust-exposed workers, with special emphasis on the removal of dust after leaving the post-clinical medicine with the anti-and continue Actively promote knowledge of occupational disease prevention and control and strive to reduce the losses caused by pneumoconiosis.