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[目的]分析2009—2012年上海市浦东新区手足口病流行病学特征,为进一步掌握疫情动态,有效防控手足口病的发生、开展预警和预测等相关研究提供依据。[方法]收集整理2009—2012年浦东新区人口、手足口病疫情数据,采用描述流行病学方法对手足口病总体发病的三间分布情况、聚集性疫情和暴发疫情以及手足口病病原学监测资料进行分析。[结果]2009—2012年浦东新区共报告手足口病37 345例,其中重症149例,死亡7例。2009年发病率为120.49/10万,2012年上升至248.33/10万;季节性明显,5—7月为高峰,11—12月为次高峰;男女性别比值为1.59;5岁以下儿童发病占93.09%;以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,占95.79%。浦东新区各街道、镇均有发病,街道中发病率最高为207.68/10万。镇中发病率最高为294.30/10万;全区发生聚集性病例1 566起,主要分布于托幼机构;实验室检测表明,病原体以柯萨奇A16(CoxA16)和肠道病毒71型(EV71)型为主。[结论]浦东新区手足口病有逐年上升的态势,发病有明显季节、性别、年龄特征。建议在做好日常监测和实验室病毒流行监测基础上开展手足口病疫情预警、预测研究。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Pudong New Area in Shanghai from 2009 to 2012 and provide basis for further grasping the epidemic situation, effectively preventing the occurrence of hand-foot-mouth disease and carrying out the early warning and forecasting. [Methods] The epidemic data of population, hand-foot-mouth disease in Pudong New Area from 2009 to 2012 were collected and analyzed. Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of hand-foot-mouth disease, the epidemic situation of outbreak and the etiology of hand-foot-mouth disease Data analysis. [Results] A total of 37 345 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Pudong New Area from 2009 to 2012, including 149 severe cases and 7 deaths. The incidence rate in 2009 was 120.49 / 100 000 and increased to 248.33 / 100 000 in 2012; the season was markedly peaked from May to July and the next peak from November to December; the sex ratio of men and women was 1.59; the incidence of children under 5 accounted for 93.09%; mainly scattered children and nurseries, accounting for 95.79%. The streets of Pudong New Area, the town has morbidity, the highest incidence in the streets 207.68 / 100,000. The highest incidence in the town was 294.30 / 100,000; there were 1 566 cases of aggregation in the whole area, mainly distributed in nurseries; Laboratory tests showed that the pathogens were coxsackievirus A16 (CoxA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71 ) Type based. [Conclusion] Hand-foot-mouth disease in Pudong New Area has a rising trend year by year, and the incidence is obviously seasonal, gender and age characteristics. It is suggested that early warning and forecasting of HFMD epidemic should be conducted on the basis of routine monitoring and laboratory virus epidemic monitoring.