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引起中枢神经系统感染的病原有很多,如细菌、病毒等。中枢神经系统感染共同点:发热,脑膜炎或脑脊髓膜炎、脑炎、脑膜脑炎。脑膜炎一般有脑膜刺激征,表现为头痛、喷射性呕吐,颈项强直、克氏征、布氏征阳性。脑炎的主要症状为剧烈头痛,意识障碍(如抽搐、昏迷),锥体束征阳性,可出现呼吸衰竭、脑疝。下面介绍常见中枢神经系统感染疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断要点。
Cause of the central nervous system infections are many, such as bacteria, viruses and so on. Central nervous system infections common: fever, meningitis or meningitis, encephalitis, meningoencephalitis. Meningitis generally have meningeal irritation, manifested as headache, jet vomiting, neck stiffness, Kirschner Sign, Brinell sign positive. The main symptoms of encephalitis are severe headache, disturbance of consciousness (such as convulsions, coma), pyramidal tract signs positive, respiratory failure may occur, hernia. The following describes the common central nervous system infection diagnosis and differential diagnosis points.