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美国的科研机构大体上可分为四类:一是国家实验室,其经费主要来源于美国能源部,从事基础科学和应用科学的研究。其中有些国家实验室虽然经费来源于能源部,但行政管理上则受某一大学领导,如著名的加州斯坦福直线加速器中心。有些国家实验室如伊利诺斯州的费米国家加速器实验室和纽约州的布鲁克海文国家实验室则分别由数所大学组成的大学联合
There are basically four types of research institutes in the United States: the first is a national laboratory whose funding is mainly from the United States Department of Energy and is engaged in the research of basic and applied sciences. Some of these national laboratories, though funded from the Department of Energy, are run by a university under executive direction, such as the famous Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in California. Some national laboratories, such as the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Illinois and the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York, each consist of university unions of several universities