漢語有各种不同的方言,各种方言之間,語音差別最大。要大家能够互相理解,說話就要有個共同的标准。这标准,照漢語的發展情况看,就是首都語。林漢達同志說:「各地代表们(指人民代表——作者註)所說的漢語,只能使別的地區的代表基本上都能彼此懂得,有時还得用別的詞兒來解释他所說的某一個詞兒,有時还得打個折扣。折扣有大小,一般說来,哪一位代表說的话,能够接近北京話多一點兒的,折扣就少一點兒。」我不打算从这方面去討論学習首都語的重要性,我引用这幾句話,目的在於說明学習語音得有個标准。首都語音(北京音)作爲标准語音,不但符合於理論,而且符合於客观实際的要求。这樣,学習語音才能有标准、规律可循。下面我想从語音和文字的關係这一角度,来谈谈語音教学的重要性。 Chinese has a variety of dialects, the most dialects among different voices. It is necessary for everyone to understand each other and have a common standard of speaking. This standard, according to the development of Chinese, is the capital of the language. Comrade Lindhanda said: “The Chinese language spoken by local deputies (people’s representatives-authors) only enables representatives in other regions to basically understand each other and sometimes use other words to explain what he said Sometimes have to make a discount. The size of the discount, in general, what a representative said, to speak a little more Beijing dialect, the discount is a little less. ”I do not intend to from here To talk about the importance of learning the language of the capital, I quote these few words, the purpose is to show that there is a standard learning voice. As the standard pronunciation, the capital voice (Beijing tone) not only conforms to the theory but also meets the objective and practical requirements. In this way, learning a voice can have a standard, the law to follow. Now I want to talk about the importance of phonetic teaching from the perspective of the relationship between phonetics and words.