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研制了一种基于Sagnac干涉仪的直线型分布式光纤传感器,可实时进行管道泄漏检测与定位。利用法拉第旋转镜将传统Sagnac干涉仪的环形结构改为直线型结构,使其适用于各种复杂管道的布放。推导了泄漏信号引起的光信号相位变化表达式;分析了该干涉仪应用于泄漏检测的原理及其泄漏源定位方法,并在泄漏点距法拉第旋转镜为4.020 km处进行了泄漏有无及定位的研究。实验结果表明,该系统很好地检测到泄漏源的有无,又较准确地确定了泄漏源位置且最大定位误差小于118 m。
A linear distributed optical fiber sensor based on Sagnac interferometer was developed to detect and locate pipeline leaks in real time. The Faraday rotating mirror is used to change the ring structure of the traditional Sagnac interferometer into a linear structure, making it suitable for the deployment of various complicated pipes. The expression of the phase change of the optical signal caused by the leakage signal is deduced. The principle of the interferometer used in the detection of the leakage and the method of locating the leakage source are analyzed. And if the leak point is located 4.020 km away from the Faraday rotation mirror, Research. The experimental results show that the system can detect the presence of the leak source well and determine the location of the leak source more accurately. The maximum positioning error is less than 118 m.