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目的:为提高急性毒鼠强中毒的认识和抢救水平.方法:急性毒鼠强中毒患者71例,按职业性接触中毒和非职业性中毒(胃肠道途径)分类,分析救治措施和进行疗效统计.结果:非职业性(胃肠道途径)中毒者多在口服后10min至2h发病,主要表现为头昏、乏力、恶心、呕吐、重症者表现为抽搐(50例)、伴昏迷(23例)、休克(7例)、心律失常(24例)、急性肺水肿(14例)、呼吸衰竭(21例)和咯血(1例),服毒量越多,病情越重,职业中毒者症状均较轻;本组有14例死亡,病死原因均为呼吸衰竭,病死率与服毒量有关,青少年及老年人病死率高于青中年患者.结论:毒鼠强毒性强、可致多器官损害,重症患者病死率高,主要死亡原因为呼吸衰竭,救治过程中应强调早期彻底清除毒物,重症者宜早期予人工支持呼吸.
Objective: To improve the understanding and rescue of acute tetramine poisoning.Methods: Acute tetramine poisoning in 71 patients, according to occupational exposure and non-occupational poisoning (gastrointestinal route) classification, analysis and treatment of salvage and efficacy Statistics.Results: Most of the non-occupational (gastrointestinal tract) poisoning occurred in 10 min to 2 h after oral administration, mainly manifested as dizziness, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, severe seizures (50 cases), coma , Shock (7 cases), arrhythmia (24 cases), acute pulmonary edema (14 cases), respiratory failure (21 cases) and hemoptysis (1 case) Were lighter in this group of 14 deaths, the cause of death are respiratory failure, mortality and dose, the mortality rate of adolescents and elderly patients than young middle-aged patients.Conclusion: tetramine is highly toxic and can cause multiple organs Injury, high mortality in critically ill patients, the main cause of death for respiratory failure, treatment should be emphasized in the early thorough removal of poison, severe should be early to artificial support for breathing.