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目的分析2010~2013年深圳市南山区流感样病例中流感病毒的变异及流行趋势,为辖区流感防控工作提供依据。方法流感病毒分离采用狗肾传代细胞(MDCK)进行培养,培养液做血凝试验,血凝试验阳性标本做红细胞凝集抑制试验进行分型鉴定。结果 2010~2013年共收集1 028例疑似流感样病例标本,分离出流感病毒246株,分离阳性率为23.9%,其中2010年流感病毒分离阳性率为22.3%(59/264),各型分布H1N1亚型9株、H3N2亚型5株、甲型H1N1 35株、Bv 10株。2011年流感病毒分离阳性率为23.3%(57/245),各型分布甲型H1N1亚型20株、Bv35株、By2株。2012年流感病毒分离阳性率为20%(52/260),各型分布流感病毒H3N2亚型35株、甲型H1N1亚型1株、Bv 13株、By 3株。2013年流感病毒分离阳性率为30.1%(78/259),各型分布H3N2 27株、甲型H1N1 33株、By 18株。流感病毒分离阳性率各年之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.0725,P<0.05)。结论 2013年流感病毒分离阳性率最高,2010~2013年流感的流行株主要为甲型H1N1、H3N2、B型,而且交替流行。B型流感病毒由Bv系转向By系。流行时间在冬春和夏秋季节。
Objective To analyze the variation and epidemic trend of influenza virus among the influenza-like cases in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2013 and provide basis for the prevention and control of influenza in the area. Methods The influenza virus was isolated and cultured in dog kidney passage cells (MDCK). The culture fluid was used for the hemagglutination test. The hemagglutination test positive specimens were used for the hematoxylin-eosinophilia inhibition test. Results A total of 1 028 samples of influenza-like illness were collected from 2010 to 2013, and 246 influenza viruses were isolated. The positive rate was 23.9%. The positive rate of influenza virus isolation in 2010 was 22.3% (59/264) 9 H1N1 subtypes, 5 H3N2 subtypes, 35 H1N1 strains and 10 Bv strains. In 2011, the positive rate of influenza virus isolation was 23.3% (57/245). There were 20 strains of type A H1N1, 2 strains of Bv35 and 2 strains of By2. The positive rate of influenza virus isolation in 2012 was 20% (52/260). There were 35 influenza H3N2 subtypes, 1 H1N1 subtype, 13 Bv strains and 3 by-3 strains. In 2013, the positive rate of influenza virus isolation was 30.1% (78/259). There were 27 H3N2 strains, 33 H1N1 strains and 18 by-products in each genotype. The positive rate of influenza virus isolation between each year was statistically significant (χ2 = 8.0725, P <0.05). Conclusion The positive rate of influenza virus isolation in 2013 was the highest. Influenza A strains H1N1, H3N2 and B were the predominant strains of influenza in 2010-2013, and they were alternately epidemic. Type B influenza virus by the Bv Department turned By Department. Popular in winter and spring and summer seasons.