In order to study the effect of temperature difference load(TDL) along the vertical direction of a simply supported beam bridge section on the vertical irregularity, a rail-bridge-piers calculation model was established. Taking 32 m simply supported box beam bridge which is widely used in the construction of passenger dedicated line in China as an example, influences of the temperature variation between the bottom and top of the bridge, temperature curve index, type of temperature gradient, and beam height on track vertical irregularity were analyzed with the model. The results show that TDL has more effects on long wave track irregularity than on short one, and the wavelength mainly affected is approximately equal to the beam span. The amplitude of irregularity caused by TDL is largely affected by the temperature variation, temperature curve index, and type of temperature gradient, so it is necessary to monitor the temperaturedistribution of bridges in different regions to provide accurate calculation parameters. In order to avoid the irregularity exceeding the limit values, the height of 32, 48,and 64 m simply supported box beam bridges must not be less than 2.15, 3.2, and 4.05 m, respectively. In order to study the effect of temperature difference load (TDL) along the vertical direction of a simply supported beam bridge section on the vertical irregularity, a rail-bridge-piers calculation model was established. Taking 32 m simply supported box beam bridge which is widely used in the construction of passenger dedicated line in China as an example, influences of the temperature variation between the bottom and top of the bridge, temperature curve index, type of temperature gradient, and beam height on track vertical irregularity were analyzed with the model . The results show that TDL has more effects on long wave track irregularity than on one one, and the wavelength mainly affected is approximately equal to the beam span. The amplitude of irregularity caused by TDL is largely affected by the temperature variation, temperature curve index , and type of temperature gradient, so it is necessary to monitor the temperature distribution of bridges in different regions to provide acc In order to avoid the irregularity exceeding the limit values, the height of 32, 48, and 64 m simply supported box beam bridges must not be less than 2.15, 3.2, and 4.05 m, respectively.