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大兴安岭林区50年来实施的森林防火政策导致森林火烧轮回期延长,可燃物累积,所以需要将森林可燃物的管理纳入到森林防火政策中。本研究构建10种可燃物处理预案,5种为计划火烧预案(PB02,PB04,PB06,PB08,PB10),另5种为机械清除+计划火烧预案(PR02,PR04,PRP6,PR08,PR10,用无处理预案(notreat)作对照。采用空间直观森林景观模型LANDIS,从火烧面积、不同强度火烧面积和林火强度动态特征来说明不同可燃物处理预案的长期效果(300年)。结果表明,计划火烧虽然可以减少总火烧面积,但随着处理面积的增加,减少幅度不大,对于降低高强度火烧面积效果不显著;机械清除+计划火烧可以有效地减少火烧面积,降低火烧强度[将高强度火(4、5级)降低为低强度火(1、2级)]。建议森林可燃物处理必须长期进行,以达到降低林火强度、减少灾难性火灾发生的机率的目的。
The forest fire prevention policy implemented in the Greater Xing’an Mountains for 50 years has resulted in the extension of forest fire cycle and the accumulation of combustibles. Therefore, the management of forest combustibles needs to be included in the forest fire prevention policy. In this study, 10 kinds of combustibles treatment plans were constructed, 5 of them were planned fire plans (PB02, PB04, PB06, PB08 and PB10) and the other 5 were plans of mechanical removal and planned fire (PR02, PR04, PRP6, PR08 and PR10 The long-term effect (300 years) of different combustibles treatment plans is illustrated by using the spatial intuitive forest landscape model LANDIS from the dynamic characteristics of the area under fire, the area under different intensity of fire and the intensity of forest fire.The results show that the plan Although the fire can reduce the total area of fire, but with the increase of treatment area, the reduction is not large, the effect of reducing high-intensity fire area is not significant; mechanical removal + planned fire can effectively reduce the fire area and reduce the fire intensity [high strength Fire (Grade 4, 5) to low intensity fire (Grade 1, 2)]. It is suggested that the treatment of forest combustibles must be carried out for a long period of time so as to reduce the intensity of forest fires and reduce the chances of catastrophic fires.