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2013年以来,中国出现人感染H7N9禽流感流行,疫情呈现出明显的季节性高发,随后局部地区出现人感染H10N8禽流感病例报告,两种病毒部分内部基因来自H9N2禽流感病毒,且均存在受体结合特性差异和蛋白关键位点变异。但从流行情况来看,人感染H9N2和H10N8禽流感病例在人间均呈现高度散发,流行强度明显低于H7N9禽流感,未发生H7N9禽流感类似的家庭聚集性疫情。3种病毒产生流行病学差异的根本原因尚不明确,也不确定是否会再次重配产生新毒株引发新疫情。因此,应提高对新型禽流感病毒的认识,加强禽流感病毒的流行病学调查和病原学监测,以应对新型流感病毒可能引发的流感大流行。
Since 2013, the epidemic of H7N9 bird flu has been reported in China with a clear seasonal increase. Subsequently, some cases of human H10N8 bird flu were reported in some areas. Some of the internal genes of both viruses were from H9N2 bird flu virus, Differences in body binding properties and protein key site variations. However, from the perspective of prevalence, the human cases of H9N2 and H10N8 bird flu were highly distributed in humans and the epidemic intensity was significantly lower than that of H7N9 bird flu. No similar household aggression occurred in H7N9 bird flu. The root causes of epidemiological differences between the three viruses are not yet clear, and it is not certain whether the new strains will be reassigned again to trigger new outbreaks. Therefore, we should raise our awareness of the new avian influenza virus and strengthen the epidemiological investigation and etiological surveillance of the avian influenza virus so as to cope with the possible influenza pandemic caused by the new influenza virus.