报道１８例由病理证实的原发性气管肿瘤：腺瘤８例、鳞癌５例、纤维瘤３例、乳头状瘤和纤维血管瘤各１例。重点分析了良恶性气管肿瘤的ＣＴ表现并与Ｘ线表现比较，提出区分良恶性肿瘤的ＣＴ症像，还简要的讨论了本瘤的影像学鉴别诊断和检查方法的选择。 Eighteen cases of pathologically confirmed primary tracheal tumors were reported: 8 with adenoma, 5 with squamous cell carcinoma, 3 with fibroma, 1 with papilloma, and 1 with fibrohemangioma. The CT features of benign and malignant tracheal tumors were analyzed and compared with the X-ray findings. A CT image of benign and malignant tumors was proposed. The imaging differential diagnosis and the choice of examination methods were briefly discussed.