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目的:研究盔状黄芩全草的化学成分。方法:取干燥的盔状黄芩全草,粉碎后用95%乙醇回流提取,减压浓缩得总浸膏。将浸膏悬浮于水中,依次用石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,得石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇部位,取乙酸乙酯部位分别用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及高效制备薄层等方法对盔状黄芩中的苷类化合物进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质和波谱数据对其化学结构进行阐明。结果:从乙酸乙酯部位共发现11个化合物,包括9个苯乙醇苷和2个黄酮苷,分别为isocrenatoside(1),osmanthuside B6(2),eutigoide A(3),plantainoside C(4),calceorioside B(5),isomartynoside(6),verbascoside(7),acteoside(8),desrhamnosyl acteoside(9),5,7-二羟基-8,2’-二甲氧基-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10),洋芹素-7-O-鼠李糖苷(11)。结论:化合物1~4,7~11为首次从该植物中发现;同时,文献调研发现,分离得到的plantainoside C,洋芹素-7-O-鼠李糖苷等化合物具有一定的抗炎、抗氧化活性,为进一步开展盔状黄芩的药效物质基础研究及该药材的开发利用提供了很好的参考依据。
Objective: To study the chemical composition of the whole grass of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Methods: The dried Helianthus chinensis whole grass, crushed with 95% ethanol reflux extraction, concentrated under reduced pressure to give the total extract. The extract was suspended in water, followed by extraction with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol to give petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were taken ethyl acetate were treated with silica gel Column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and efficient preparation of thin layer and other methods of the Scutellaria baicalensis glycosides isolated and purified according to the physical and chemical properties and spectral data to elucidate its chemical structure. Results: A total of 11 compounds were identified from ethyl acetate, including 9 phenylethanoid glycosides and 2 flavonoid glycosides, which were isocrenatoside (1), osmanthuside B6 (2), eutigoide A (3), plantainoside C calceorioside B (5), isomartynoside (6), verbascoside (7), acteoside (8), desrhamnosyl acteoside (9), 5,7-dihydroxy-8,2’-dimethoxy-7- D-glucoside (10), paeonin-7-O-rhamnoside (11). Conclusions: Compounds 1 ~ 4 and 7 ~ 11 were found for the first time in this plant. Meanwhile, the literature study found that some compounds such as plantainoside C and the oil of tannin-7-O-rhamnoside possessed certain anti-inflammatory and anti- Oxidation activity, to further carry out the medicinal material basis of scutellaria baicalensis and the development and utilization of the herbs provide a good reference.