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采用新型磷系阻燃剂(FR)与聚磷酸铵组成的膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)制备了膨胀型无卤阻燃环氧树脂(EP)材料。通过氧指数、热失重和扫描电镜等研究IFR对环氧树脂的阻燃性能、热降解行为及微观结构的影响。结果表明:加入IFR使材料的阻燃性能明显提高,IFR/EP的氧指数达到37.6%,600℃时IFR/EP的残炭量较纯EP从21.24%增至43.08%。扫描电镜观察发现,经IFR阻燃的EP在燃烧时形成了由封闭孔洞构成的均匀闭孔结构炭层,表明IFR对EP材料具有良好的膨胀阻燃效果。
An intumescent flame retardant epoxy resin (EP) material was prepared by using an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) composed of a novel phosphorus flame retardant (FR) and ammonium polyphosphate. The effects of IFR on flame retardancy, thermal degradation behavior and microstructure of epoxy resin were studied by oxygen index, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the IFR / EP oxygen index of IFR / EP reached 37.6% and IFR / EP increased from 21.24% to 43.08% at 600 ℃. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that the IFR flame-retardant EP formed a uniform closed-cell carbon layer composed of closed pores when burned, indicating that the IFR has good expansion and flame retardant effect on EP materials.