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为了更好地治疗小儿肺部疾病引起的低氧血症，采用急性肺损伤（ＡＬＩ）家犬模型，观察静脉注射酚妥拉明（１０μｇ／ｋｇ．ｍｉｎ）和吸入ＮＯ（４０ｐｐｍ）对血气、肺内分流及血流动力学指标的影响。结果显示：吸入一氧化氮后，肺动脉压（ＰＡＰ）下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），体循环血压（ＳＡＰ）无改变，血氧分压（ＰａＯ２）和血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２）增加，但差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），肺内分流（Ｑｓ／Ｑｔ）降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；静脉注射酚妥拉明后，ＰＡＰ和ＳＡＰ下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｑｓ／Ｑｔ增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。上述结果表明，酚妥拉明的扩血管效应无选择性，在降低肺动脉压的同时使血气指标恶化，提示对该药在小儿肺部疾病的常规应用中宜持慎重态度。而吸入ＮＯ可以选择性地扩张通气良好区域的肺血管，是一种有希望的辅助疗法。
In order to better treat hypoxemia caused by pulmonary diseases in children, the model of acute lung injury (ALI) was used to observe the effects of intravenous injection of phentolamine (10μg / kg.min) and inhaled NO (40ppm) Pulmonary shunt and hemodynamic parameters. Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was decreased (P <0.05), SAP was unchanged, PaO2 and SaO2 increased after inhaled nitric oxide, but the difference was not statistically significant (P <0.05). The Qs / Qt of lung decreased (P <0.05). After intravenous injection of phentolamine, PAP and SAP decreased (P <0.01) Qt increased (P <0.01). The above results show that vasopressin vasodilator effect is nonselective, reducing the pulmonary arterial pressure while worsening blood gas indicators, suggesting that the drug in children’s lung disease routine use should be cautious. Inhalation of NO selectively expands pulmonary blood vessels in well-ventilated areas, and is a promising adjunct therapy.