关于原始时期人口再生产过程的基本特点问题,在苏联的学术文献中存在两种截然不同的观点。一种观点是 M·C·阿维尔布赫作为“原始时期的人口法则”提出来的,认为在那个时期人口再生产的特点似乎是出生率低和死亡率高。前者是因为“性感觉迟钝”和“人为避孕”;后者是由于“超出某一定额”的儿童全被杀害(例如在夏威夷的家庭中,假如子女 As to the basic characteristics of the process of population reproduction in the primitive period, there are two completely different views in the academic literature of the Soviet Union. One point of view was raised by MC Avilbuch as “the population law of the primitive period” that the reproduction of population at that time appeared to be characterized by low birth rates and high mortality rates. The former are due to “sex insensitivity” and “artificial contraception”; the latter is due to the killing of children “beyond a certain quota” (for example, in Hawaii families, if children