目的:早期加强孕妇营养指导,预防妊娠期缺铁性贫血,从而降低妊娠期缺铁性贫血的发生,减少缺铁性贫血对母儿的影响。方法:270例正规产检无合并症的孕妇自孕12周开始给予合理营养指导,孕28周始每天补充硫酸亚铁0.3 g(约含铁60 mg)直至分娩。另随机抽取相同条件的270例孕妇不给予任何干预。结果:研究组缺铁性贫血的患病率为6.67%,对照组为54.44%,差异有统计学意义;妊娠期缺铁性贫血母儿并发症略显高于正常组。结论:孕期营养指导与孕晚期补充小剂量铁剂可减少妊娠期缺铁性贫血和母儿并发症的发生。 OBJECTIVE: To early reinforce nutrition guidance of pregnant women and prevent iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy, thus reducing the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy and reducing the impact of iron deficiency anemia on maternal and child. Methods: Two hundred and seventy pregnant women without complications were given proper nutrition guidance from the twelfth week of gestation until the 28th week of gestation, supplemented with 0.3 g of ferrous sulfate (about 60 mg of iron) every day until delivery. Another 270 cases of pregnant women randomly selected the same conditions without any intervention. Results: The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 6.67% in the study group and 54.44% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant. The complications of maternal and neonatal iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy were slightly higher than those of the normal group. Conclusion: The nutritional guidance during pregnancy and the addition of small doses of iron during the third trimester can reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy and maternal and child complications.