结肠癌的病因学研究有二种方法,一是使用各种化学制剂诱发实验动物产生结肠肿瘤,二是通过流行病学调查,探讨影响结肠癌发病率高低的因素。为了对照研究胆石与结肠癌二者之间的联系,作者对1983～1984年间 Parma 大学外科收治的109例结直肠腺癌和作为对照组的109例良性疾病(包括胃十二指肠疾病、肠梗阻、结肠憩室炎、腹部外伤、腹外疝、门脉高压、克隆氏病、溃疡性结直肠炎、肝囊肿及假性胰腺囊肿)施行剖腹术的结果作了回顾性分析。两组系根据患者的性别、年龄、生活地及饮食习惯予以配对。结直肠癌组的肿瘤诊断明确;对照组进行 X 线钡灌肠检查以除外无症状的肿瘤存在。所有病人均核实既往有无胆囊切除史或胆石症病史,并行肝 The etiology of colon cancer has two methods. One is to use a variety of chemical agents to induce colon cancer in laboratory animals. Second, through epidemiological investigation, to explore the factors affecting the incidence of colon cancer. To compare the relationship between gallstone and colon cancer, the authors examined 109 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma treated at the University of Parma between 1983 and 1984 and 109 cases of benign diseases (including gastroduodenal diseases and bowels) as controls. Obstruction, colonic diverticulitis, abdominal trauma, abdominal hernia, portal hypertension, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, hepatic cysts, and pseudopancreatic cysts were analyzed retrospectively. The two groups were paired according to the patient’s gender, age, place of living, and eating habits. The colorectal cancer group had a clear diagnosis of the tumor; the control group underwent X-ray barium enema examination to exclude the presence of asymptomatic tumors. All patients had previous history of cholecystectomy or cholelithiasis and concurrent liver