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线型工程是主要的生态类项目之一,随着各类线型工程迅速增加,其引发的生态影响已经逐渐暴露出来。本文分析了线型切割影响的提出背景以及景观生态学在研究线型工程生态影响中的应用。并以青藏铁路格望段为例,分析了线型切割作用的具体表现,主要包括:阻断能流、物流、物种流;阻断生态用水;阻断野生动物迁徙通道;造成景观破碎化。同时,针对不同的切割影响提出了相应防护对策,包括修建排水建筑物、生物通道、树篱廊道等。
Linear engineering is one of the major ecological projects. With the rapid increase of various types of linear engineering, the ecological impact caused by it has gradually been exposed. This paper analyzes the background of the impact of linear cutting and the application of landscape ecology in the study of ecological effects of linear engineering. Taking the section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway as an example, this paper analyzes the concrete manifestation of the linear cutting action, which mainly includes: blocking energy flow, logistics and species flow; blocking ecological water use; blocking wildlife migration channels; causing landscape fragmentation. At the same time, corresponding protective measures have been proposed for different cutting effects, including building drainage structures, biological passageways, hedge corridors and the like.