马克思的父亲、未来岳父和中学校长对马克思少年时代特别是中学时期的性格特征、志趣爱好和思想倾向产生了重要影响,马克思最初具有的启蒙主义世界观就是在这三位长辈的影响下逐渐形成的。马克思中学时期的启蒙世界观主要反映在其三篇中学作文中,他的思想倾向主要表现在三个方面:寓道德于宗教论证之中,追求人格上的完美;崇尚理性,强调科学知识的重要作用;力求在理性框架中内把握主体与客体的关系。 Marx’s father, future father-in-law and middle school principal had an important influence on the character, hobbies and ideological inclination of Marx’s adolescent, especially in his high school. The original Enlightenment world outlook that Marx originally had was formed under the influence of these three elders . The enlightenment world outlook in Marx’s middle school is mainly reflected in the composition of his three middle schools. His ideological tendency mainly manifests in three aspects: moral inclusion in religious argumentation, pursuit of perfection of personality, advocacy of rationality and emphasis on the important role of scientific knowledge ; Strive to grasp the relationship between the subject and the object within the rational framework.