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目的分析公交车驾驶员人格特征与驾龄的关系,为行车安全管理提供参考依据。方法于2016年3—5月采用随机抽样方法,抽取宁波市某公交公司158名工作≥1年的公交车驾驶员,运用卡氏16种人格因素问卷(16PF)进行调查,并与全国常模进行比较。结果调查对象均为男性,平均(39.24±6.78)岁,平均公交车驾龄为(15.54±6.66)年,文化程度以高中为主,占62.66%。调查对象的乐群性、聪慧性、恃强性、兴奋性、怀疑性、世故性、实验性和独立性8种基本人格因素得分低于全国成年男性常模,敏感性、忧虑性和自律性3种基本人格因素得分高于全国成年男性常模(均P<0.05);稳定性、有恒性、敢为性、幻想性和紧张性5种基本人格因素得分与全国成年男性常模比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。驾龄≥16年的驾驶员稳定性得分最高,6~<11年驾龄的驾驶员忧虑性得分最高,11~<16年驾龄的驾驶员自律性和紧张性得分最高(均P<0.05)。结论公交车驾驶员的基本人格特征与一般人群比较有所不同,不同驾龄驾驶员存在一定差异,应对初入职的驾驶员进行各类事故风险培训和演练,对具有一定驾龄的驾驶员开展心理辅导。
Objective To analyze the relationship between driver’s personality characteristics and driving experience, and provide references for traffic safety management. Methods From March to May 2016, a total of 158 bus drivers who were working for more than one year in a bus company in Ningbo City were sampled by random sampling method. Sixteen personality factors questionnaire (16PF) were used to investigate and compare with the national norm Compare. Results All subjects were male, with an average of (39.24 ± 6.78) years. Average bus driving duration was (15.54 ± 6.66) years. The main education level was high school, accounting for 62.66%. The scores of the eight basic personality factors such as group, intelligence, bullying, excitability, suspicion, precociousness, experimentality and independence of the survey subjects were lower than those of the national adult male, sensitivity, anxiety and self-discipline Three basic personality factors score higher than the national adult male norm (all P <0.05); stability, constant, daring, fantasy and tension five basic personality factors score and the national adult male norm comparison, the difference No statistical significance (P> 0.05). Drivers with 16 years of driving experience had the highest driver stability scores, drivers with 6-11 years of driving experience had the highest anxiety score, and drivers with self-discipline and stress scores had the highest scores (all P <0.05). Conclusions The basic personality characteristics of bus drivers are different from those of the general population. There are some differences between pilots of different driving ages. It is necessary to train early pilots and carry out all kinds of accident risk training, and to conduct psychological counseling for pilots with certain driving experience .