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目的 了解东莞市麻疹病毒 (measlesvirus,MV)流行株的基因型。方法 2 0 0 0年 4～ 7月间东莞市发生有 5 5例患者的麻疹流行 ,采用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)方法直接检测麻疹病人急性期唾液中的麻疹病毒核糖核酸 (RNA)的N基因和M基因 ,对任意选取的 5份RT PCR阳性标本和疫苗株沪 191的N基因扩增片段进行核酸序列测定 ,并进行序列系统树分析。结果 用RT PCR方法直接检测的阳性率为 87.3% ;用血清抗 MV IgMELISA方法检测的阳性率为70 .9% ,抗 MV IgM阴性的病人唾液中有 6 8.8%的标本MV RNA阳性。序列分析结果表明此流行株的基因型与世界麻疹病毒流行株不同 ,差异为 1.4%～ 11.7% ,可归属于H基因型。结论 2 0 0 0年东莞市麻疹病毒流行株核酸序列完全相同 ,为H基因型 ,说明本次流行的麻疹病毒具有同源性 ,来源于同一传染源。
Objective To understand the genotypes of measlesvirus (MV) strains in Dongguan City. Methods A total of 55 cases of measles epidemic occurred in Dongguan City from April to July in 2000. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to directly detect measles virus RNA (RNA) in saliva of measles patients ) N gene and M gene were used to detect the nucleic acid sequence of 5 selected RT-PCR positive samples and the N-terminal gene fragment of vaccine strain Shanghai 191 and the sequence phylogenetic tree analysis. Results The positive rate of RT-PCR was 87.3%. The positive rate of serum anti-MV IgM ELISA was 70.9%. The positive rate of CSF RNA was 68.8% in the saliva of anti-MV IgM patients. Sequence analysis showed that the genotype of this epidemic strain was different from that of the world measles virus. The difference was 1.4% ~ 11.7%, which belonged to H genotype. Conclusion The nucleic acid sequence of the measles virus in Dongguan City in 2000 is exactly the same as the H genotype, indicating that the prevalence of the measles virus has homology and originates from the same source of infection.