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目的探讨慢性铝中毒小鼠学习记忆能力的变化与大脑皮层乙酰胆碱(ACh)和β-内啡肽(β-EP)含量的关系。方法将32只小鼠随机分为低、中、高剂量染毒组和对照组,低、中、高剂量组每日将三氯化铝分别按1.2mg/kg、12mg/kg、120mg/kg剂量,拌饲料喂养,共90d,对照组正常饲养。90d后Y型迷宫测定小鼠学习记忆能力,ICP-AES法测定小鼠大脑皮层铝含量,ELISA法检测大脑皮层ACh和β-EP含量。结果各剂量铝中毒组小鼠学习测试次数和记忆错误次数均高于对照组,与对照组相比,中、高剂量组学习测试次数及各剂量组记忆错误次数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);中、高剂量组大脑皮层铝含量比对照组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);各剂量铝中毒组大脑皮层ACh和β-EP含量均低于对照组,与对照组相比,中、高剂量组大脑皮层ACh含量及各剂量组大脑皮层β-EP含量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论铝可能通过降低脑内ACh和β-EP含量影响小鼠学习记忆能力,这可能是铝致小鼠认知能力障碍的机制之一。
Objective To investigate the relationship between learning and memory abilities and ACh and β-EP in chronic aluminum poisoning mice. Methods Thirty-two mice were randomly divided into low, medium and high dose exposure groups and control groups. The low, middle and high dose groups were treated with 1.2 mg / kg, 12 mg / kg, 120 mg / kg Dose, feed mixed feed, a total of 90d, the control group of normal breeding. After 90 days, the learning and memory ability of mice was measured by Y-shaped maze. The content of aluminum in mouse cerebral cortex was measured by ICP-AES. The levels of ACh and β-EP in cerebral cortex were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the number of learning tests and memory errors in mice in each dose of aluminum poisoning group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The number of learning tests and the number of memory errors in each dose group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The content of aluminum in cerebral cortex of medium and high dose groups was significantly higher than that of control group (P <0.05), and the content of ACh and β-EP in cerebral cortex of aluminum poisoning group were lower than those of control group Compared with the control group, the levels of ACh in cerebral cortex and the content of β-EP in cerebral cortex of each dose group were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion Aluminum may affect the learning and memory abilities of mice by decreasing ACh and β-EP content in the brain, which may be one of the mechanisms of Alzheimer’s cognitive dysfunction in mice.