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讨论了激光自混合测速的原理、发展现状及关键技术。基于三镜腔模型,详细讨论了激光自混合测速的原理。反馈光与激光器腔内光混合,调制激光器的输出功率和频率,通过信号处理得到频移量,从而计算出物体的运动速度。当前,激光自混合测速技术尚处于发展阶段。主要针对低速、匀速的运动物体,速度测量范围为几mm/s至几十m/s,测量精度为1%;尚未建立普遍适用的测速模型,对影响自混合测速精度的因素研究还不成熟;信号处理和硬件实现的报道较少。激光自混合测速还有许多关键技术有待解决:高速、变速运动对象测速未见报道;高精度、大动态范围的信号处理技术有待发展;需要研究普遍适用的用于速度方向辨别的方法等。
The principle, development status and key technologies of laser self-mixing velocity measurement are discussed. Based on the three-cavity model, the principle of laser self-mixing velocity measurement is discussed in detail. The feedback light is mixed with the light in the cavity of the laser to modulate the output power and frequency of the laser, and the frequency shift amount is obtained through signal processing so as to calculate the moving speed of the object. At present, laser self-mixing velocity measurement technology is still in the development stage. It is mainly aimed at moving objects with low speed and constant velocity. The range of speed measurement is several mm / s to several tens of m / s, and the measurement accuracy is 1%. The universally applicable speed measurement model has not been established yet and the research on the factors influencing the accuracy of self-mixing speed measurement is not yet mature There are few reports of signal processing and hardware implementation. Laser self-mixing velocity measurement and many other key technologies to be solved: high-speed, variable-speed motion object speed has not been reported; high-precision, large dynamic range of signal processing technology to be developed; the need to study commonly used methods for speed direction identification.